नेपाली मूल पाठ
लेखानीति बमोजिमको खुद मुनाफाबाट बैंक तथा वित्तीय संस्था सम्बन्धी ऐन, २०७३ र यस बैंकका निर्देशनबमोजिम वैधानिक तथा अन्य कोषमा रकम बाँडफाँड गरेपछि बाँकी मुनाफामा देहायका नियमनकारी समायोजन गरी कायम रकमबाट मात्र लाभांश वितरण गर्न सकिनेछ।
(क) पहिलो NFRSs-compliant वित्तीय विवरण तयार गर्दा Opening Statement of Financial Position तथा अघिल्लो वर्षको वित्तीय विवरणमा NFRSs अनुसार विभिन्न शीर्षकमा समायोजन गरी सञ्चित मुनाफामा जम्मा भएको रकम बराबर Statement of Changes in Equity मार्फत Retained Earnings खर्च गरी Regulatory Reserve मा जम्मा गर्नुपर्नेछ।
(ख) पहिलो NFRSs-compliant वित्तीय विवरण र त्यसपछिका वर्षहरुमा देहायबमोजिम Regulatory Reserve मा रकम जम्मा वा खर्च गर्नुपर्नेछ।
(अ)(१) लेखानीति बमोजिम लेखाङ्कन गरिएको कर्जाको Accrual Basis मा मान्यता दिइएको तर प्राप्त हुन बाँकी ब्याज आम्दानीबाट प्रचलित व्यवस्थाअनुसार आयकर, कर्मचारी बोनस र वैधानिक कोष (साधारण जगेडा कोष तथा संस्थागत सामाजिक उत्तरदायित्व कोष) मा जम्मा रकम कट्टा गरी बाँकी रकम Retained Earnings खर्च गरी Regulatory Reserve मा जम्मा गर्नुपर्नेछ। सो ब्याज प्राप्त भएपछि Regulatory Reserve बाट Retained Earnings मा फिर्ता गर्न सकिनेछ। तर आर्थिक वर्ष समाप्त भएको १५ दिनभित्र प्राप्त भएको ब्याजलाई Regulatory Reserve गणना गर्दा प्राप्त हुन बाँकी ब्याज आम्दानीबाट घटाउन सकिनेछ। [1]
[1] संशोधन/Amendment: परिपत्र नं. १९ (क, ख, ग) २०८२/८३, मिति २०८३/०३/३१ (15 July 2026), ले बुँदा ४(ख)(अ)(१) मा उक्त १५-दिने व्यवस्था थप गरेको हो। / Circular No. 19 (A, B, C), 2082/83 dated 15 July 2026 added the 15-day treatment reproduced above to Clause 4(b)(A)(1).
(अ)(२) २०७९/१०/२६ पछि स्वीकृत तथा Financial Closure हुने कर्जाको grace/moratorium-period ब्याज Accrual Basis मा लेखाङ्कन भई पुँजीकरण गर्दा पुँजीकृत ब्याज रकम Interest Capitalized Term Loan (ICTL) शीर्षकमा अलग लेखाङ्कन गर्नुपर्नेछ। ICTL बराबरको रकमबाट प्रचलित कट्टीपछि बाँकी रकम Retained Earnings खर्च गरी Interest Capitalized Reserve (ICR) मा लेखाङ्कन गरी Regulatory Reserve अन्तर्गत राख्नुपर्नेछ। ICTL को रकम प्राप्त भएपछि ICR घटाई Retained Earnings मा सार्नुपर्नेछ। तर जलविद्युत, सोलार लगायत ऊर्जा परियोजनाको निर्माण ६० प्रतिशत सम्पन्न भएको प्रमाणित भएमा, र अन्य परियोजना व्यावसायिक सञ्चालनमा आएमा, ICTL मा रहेको रकम ICR बाट घटाई Retained Earnings मा सार्न सकिनेछ।
सम्बन्धित लेखा प्रविष्टिहरु: (१) आय मान्यता गर्दा—Dr Accrued Interest Receivable; Cr Interest Income। (२) ब्याज पुँजीकरण गर्दा—Dr ICTL; Cr Accrued Interest Receivable; तथा Dr Retained Earnings; Cr ICR। (३) असुली हुँदा—Dr Cash/Bank; Cr ICTL; तथा Dr ICR; Cr Retained Earnings।
(आ) प्रत्येक कर्जाको लेखानीतिबमोजिम Impairment Loss र निर्देशन नं. २ बमोजिम Loan Loss Provision को विस्तृत विवरण प्रत्येक त्रैमासमा तयार गर्नुपर्नेछ। NFRSs अनुसारको impairment निर्देशन नं. २ बमोजिमको provision भन्दा कम भए फरक रकम वार्षिक रुपमा Retained Earnings खर्च गरी Regulatory Reserve मा जम्मा गर्नुपर्नेछ। NFRSs impairment बढेमा बढेको रकम Regulatory Reserve बाट Retained Earnings मा फिर्ता गर्न सकिनेछ।
(इ) NFRSs बमोजिम Fair Value Through Profit or Loss मा लेखाङ्कन गरिएका लगानी वा अन्य सम्पत्तिमा भएको unrealised fair-value gain बराबर Retained Earnings खर्च गरी Regulatory Reserve मा जम्मा गर्नुपर्नेछ। सम्बन्धित सम्पत्तिको gain घटे वा fair-value loss भए सो रकम वार्षिक रुपमा Regulatory Reserve बाट Retained Earnings मा फिर्ता गर्न सकिनेछ।
(ई) लेखानीतिबमोजिम लेखाङ्कन गरिएको गैरबैंकिङ सम्पत्तिको कुल रकमबाट प्रचलित आयकर, कर्मचारी बोनस र वैधानिक कोषका रकम कट्टा गरी बाँकी रकम सम्पत्ति सकार गरेको वर्षमा Retained Earnings खर्च गरी Regulatory Reserve मा जम्मा गर्नुपर्नेछ। सम्पत्ति बिक्री भएको वा स्वप्रयोजनमा प्रयोग गरेको वर्षमा फिर्ता गर्न सकिनेछ।
(उ) वित्तीय विवरणको Retained Earnings वा अन्य वितरणयोग्य मुनाफासँग सम्बन्धित खुद Deferred Tax Asset बराबर Retained Earnings खर्च गरी Regulatory Reserve मा जम्मा गर्नुपर्नेछ। पुनर्गणनामा carrying amount घटेमा घटेको रकम फिर्ता गर्न सकिनेछ।
(ऊ) Merger/Acquisition बाट सिर्जित Bargain Purchase Gain को carrying amount बराबर रकम मान्यता दिइएको वर्षमा Retained Earnings खर्च गरी Regulatory Reserve मा जम्मा गर्नुपर्नेछ र सो रकम Bonus Shares जारी गर्न मात्र प्रयोग गर्न सकिनेछ। Bonus Shares स्वीकृतिका लागि विस्तृत विवरणसहित सम्बन्धित सुपरिवेक्षण विभागमा पेश गर्नुपर्नेछ; स्वीकृत भई जारी रकमसम्म Regulatory Reserve बाट Retained Earnings मा फिर्ता गर्न सकिनेछ।
(ऋ) कर्मचारी खर्च लेखाङ्कन गर्दा actuarial valuation बाट सिर्जित Actuarial Loss Other Comprehensive Income मा लेखाङ्कन भए बराबर रकम Retained Earnings खर्च गरी Regulatory Reserve मा जम्मा गर्नुपर्नेछ। Actuarial Loss घटेमा घटेको रकम फिर्ता गर्न सकिनेछ।
(ए) कुनै खर्च Profit or Loss मा नभई Other Comprehensive Income मार्फत वा सोझै Equity मा लेखाङ्कन भई सम्बन्धित equity heading ऋणात्मक भए बराबर Retained Earnings खर्च गरी Regulatory Reserve मा जम्मा गर्नुपर्नेछ। पछिल्लो वर्ष सोही शीर्षकमा आय भएमा, Regulatory Reserve मा जम्मा रकम ननाघ्ने गरी, सो आय बराबर Regulatory Reserve खर्च गरी Retained Earnings मा जम्मा गर्न सकिनेछ।
(ऐ) माथि उल्लेखित बाहेक सम्बन्धित सुपरिवेक्षण विभागले निर्देशन दिएको रकम Regulatory Reserve मा समायोजन गर्नुपर्नेछ।
(ओ) Regulatory Reserve बाट Retained Earnings मा फिर्ता हुने रकम सो कोषमा जम्मा भएको रकमभन्दा बढी हुने छैन।
(ग) यस बुँदाको व्यवस्था वा यस बैंकको स्वीकृतिबाहेक Regulatory Reserve को रकम खर्च गर्न पाइने छैन।
(घ) Regulatory Reserve मा जम्मा, खर्च र परिवर्तनको विवरण Notes to Accounts मा खुलासा गर्नुपर्नेछ।
(ङ) Statement of Other Comprehensive Income मा लेखाङ्कन भएको आय वितरण गर्दा वितरणयोग्य रकमको २० प्रतिशत General Reserve मा जम्मा गरी बाँकी ८० प्रतिशत मात्र वितरण गर्नुपर्नेछ।
Controlled English translation
Dividends may be distributed only from the amount remaining after allocating from net profit, determined under the adopted accounting policies, the amounts required for statutory and other reserves under the Banks and Financial Institutions Act, 2073 and Nepal Rastra Bank directives, and after making the following regulatory adjustments.
(a) When preparing the first NFRSs-compliant financial statements, an amount equal to adjustments credited to retained earnings in the Opening Statement of Financial Position and the preceding year’s financial statements under NFRSs shall be debited to Retained Earnings through the Statement of Changes in Equity and credited to the Regulatory Reserve.
(b) In the first NFRSs-compliant financial statements and in subsequent years, amounts shall be credited to or debited from the Regulatory Reserve as follows:
(A)(1) From loan-interest income recognised on an accrual basis under the institution’s accounting policies but remaining uncollected, applicable income tax, employee bonus and allocations to statutory reserves (General Reserve and Corporate Social Responsibility Fund) shall be deducted; the balance shall be debited to Retained Earnings and credited to the Regulatory Reserve. Upon collection, the amount may be transferred back from the Regulatory Reserve to Retained Earnings. Interest received within 15 days after the end of the financial year may be deducted from outstanding interest income when calculating the Regulatory Reserve.
(A)(2) For loans approved and reaching Financial Closure after 2079/10/26, accrued interest for the grace/moratorium period, when capitalised, shall be separately recognised as an Interest Capitalized Term Loan (ICTL). After applicable deductions from an amount equal to the ICTL, the balance shall be debited to Retained Earnings and credited to an Interest Capitalized Reserve (ICR), which shall form part of the Regulatory Reserve. Upon collection of the ICTL amount, the ICR shall be reduced and transferred to Retained Earnings. For hydropower, solar and other energy projects, this transfer may be made when 60 percent completion of construction is certified; for other projects, it may be made when commercial operation begins.
Related accounting entries: (1) At income recognition—Dr Accrued Interest Receivable; Cr Interest Income. (2) At interest capitalisation—Dr ICTL; Cr Accrued Interest Receivable; and Dr Retained Earnings; Cr ICR. (3) At recovery—Dr Cash/Bank; Cr ICTL; and Dr ICR; Cr Retained Earnings.
(B) Detailed loan-wise particulars of Impairment Loss under the accounting policies and Loan Loss Provision under Directive No. 2 shall be prepared quarterly. Where impairment recognised under NFRSs is lower than the provision required by Directive No. 2, the shortfall shall annually be debited to Retained Earnings and credited to the Regulatory Reserve. If NFRSs impairment subsequently increases, the increase may be transferred back from the Regulatory Reserve to Retained Earnings.
(C) An unrealised fair-value gain on an investment or other asset accounted for at Fair Value Through Profit or Loss under NFRSs shall be debited to Retained Earnings and credited to the Regulatory Reserve. If that asset’s fair-value gain decreases or a fair-value loss arises, the corresponding amount may annually be transferred back from the Regulatory Reserve to Retained Earnings.
(D) From the total amount of a non-banking asset recognised under the accounting policies, applicable income tax, employee bonus and statutory-reserve allocations shall be deducted; the balance shall be debited to Retained Earnings and credited to the Regulatory Reserve in the year the asset is taken over. It may be transferred back in the year the asset is sold or put to own use.
(E) An amount equal to the net Deferred Tax Asset relating to Retained Earnings and/or other distributable profit shall be debited to Retained Earnings and credited to the Regulatory Reserve. A reduction in its carrying amount upon recalculation may be transferred back.
(F) In the year a Bargain Purchase Gain arising from a merger/acquisition is recognised, an amount equal to its carrying amount shall be debited to Retained Earnings and credited to the Regulatory Reserve, and may be used only to issue Bonus Shares. A detailed submission shall be made to the concerned Supervision Department for approval; up to the amount of Bonus Shares approved and issued may be transferred back to Retained Earnings.
(G) Where an Actuarial Loss arising from actuarial valuation is recognised in Other Comprehensive Income while accounting for employee expense, an equal amount shall be debited to Retained Earnings and credited to the Regulatory Reserve. Any subsequent reduction may be transferred back.
(H) Where an expense is recognised through Other Comprehensive Income or directly in Equity rather than Profit or Loss, causing the related equity heading to become negative, an equal amount shall be debited to Retained Earnings and credited to the Regulatory Reserve. If income is recognised under the same heading in a later year, an equal amount—up to the amount previously credited—may be debited from the Regulatory Reserve and credited to Retained Earnings.
(I) Any other amount directed by the concerned Supervision Department shall be adjusted in the Regulatory Reserve.
(J) An amount transferred back from the Regulatory Reserve to Retained Earnings shall not exceed the amount previously credited to that reserve.
(c) No amount in the Regulatory Reserve may be used except as provided in this Clause or with Nepal Rastra Bank’s approval.
(d) Credits, debits and movements in the Regulatory Reserve shall be disclosed in the Notes to Accounts.
(e) When distributing income recognised in the Statement of Other Comprehensive Income, 20 percent of the distributable amount shall be transferred to the General Reserve and only the remaining 80 percent may be distributed.